‫By the way, there is actually one more way that we've actually seen in list how to look for an item
‫in a dictionary.
‫Remember how enlists we use the word in.
‫We said something along the lines of Hey, is I in a list that contains I or we even used a string like
‫hi.
‫Well, you can do the same with dictionaries.
‫I can say does basket exist in user?
‫And let's print this out.
‫And run.
‫And it's going to say, yep, basket does exist in user.
‫What about what about size?
‫Does that exist?
‫Nope.
‫That's false.
‫That does not exist in user.
‫But here is where it gets really interesting.
‫And this again is a another dictionary method that we can use.
‫And by the way, you can see that there's not that many dictionary methods that, well, dictionaries
‫have.
‫Luckily, we're going to go over the main ones here.
‫The one is called Keys.
‫And keys simply checks the keys.
‫What are the keys of user?
‫So if I go hallo here and I click run.
‫Well, no keys are sorry on this side, not this.
‫So this is a value.
‫So if I want to check keys, I'd say H.
‫Which is true.
‫But if I want to check a values.
‫Well, in that case, if I do.
‫Hello.
‫I get true.
‫It's going to go over.
‫Or what we call iterate over.
‫The values.
‫Another one that's really useful is the items and items is special because we've seen keys and values,
‫but items actually grabs the entire item.
‫So the way we can actually see this is let's just remove and click run.
‫All right.
‫This is interesting.
‫I have dict items here and I grab looks like a list and here we have a bracket basket.
‫One, two, three greet.
‫Hello and h 20.
‫But there's some weird syntax here that we haven't seen before and this is actually a tuple.
‫So we're going to hold off on this and talk about this a little bit more when we talk about our next
‫data structure.
‫But keys, values and items is an easy way for us to grab these things for us from our dictionary.
‫Let's continue on with other dictionary methods that we might use.
‫One is a very nice one, it's called.
‫Clear.
‫And if I run this.
‫You see that?
‫I get an empty dictionary.
‫What if I just run users dot clear here and run user.
‫Well, it's still an empty object or an empty dictionary.
‫So you can see here that clear doesn't actually return anything.
‫It doesn't?
‫Well, it's just in place.
‫Removes whatever the dictionary has, so it just creates an empty dictionary.
‫What about?
‫Copy.
‫Well, a copy allows us to copy.
‫A user so that if I print user and user two and I click run.
‫I get two users each.
‫Keys and values copied.
‫But if I now.
‫Let's say.
‫Clear the first user and I click run.
‫The first user is empty.
‫But because I've copied the second user, the second user has the old information.
‫And this is a concept that we've talked about before.
‫Another useful command and let's just go back to having user is user dot pop, which removes a key and
‫a value from the dictionary.
‫So in our case, let's just say we want to remove the key that is H so I'm going to say H and if I run
‫this.
‫I get 20 because pop returns the value of whatever got removed.
‫But if I do print user now you'll see that age does not exist anymore because we've popped it off.
‫But Pop, as you can see, removes the actual value.
‫Or returns the actual value.
‫20.
‫Here's another really fun one pop item and honestly this.
‫I haven't used much, but I just think it's a fun one.
‫Pop item if you guessed.
‫Well, you're not going to guess.
‫Oh, and that's because I have to make sure I write it properly with lowercase if I run this.
‫What just happened?
‫It randomly pops up something.
‫One of the keys and the values in this case, age 20 is removed.
‫So the last item on the dictionary gets removed by remember, a dictionary is unordered.
‫So this was a massive, massive dictionary that, well, doesn't have any order to it.
‫Sometimes it removes some pair, as you can see, not the last one, but some pair of key value.
‫So you have to be careful with this one.
‫It doesn't necessarily just remove the last thing that you entered, but it might be useful on some
‫occasions.
‫Finally, we have something called update, an update, simply updates, as the name suggests, a key
‫value.
‫So let's have a look here.
‫All we have to do is give it a new dictionary.
‫So curly brackets and just simply say, hey, I want to update age 255.
‫If I click Run.
‫Oh, and I forgot a bracket here.
‫Let's try that again.
‫If I click Run.
‫There you go.
‫Age got updated.
‫But if.
‫This was a key that doesn't exist, like pages and I click run.
‫It will still update with a new key item.
‫So this is another really useful method.
‫All right.
‫That's it for dictionaries.
‫I'll see you in the next video.